Leone Baxter and Clem Whitaker Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The Invention of Blue Jeans Free Essays

In 1873 Levis were concocted by a notable man named Levi Strauss. Levis got famous for ranchers and laborers, since they were harder and less inclined to tear. Numerous Americans wore pants for comfort, as well. We will compose a custom article test on The Invention of Blue Jeans or on the other hand any comparable subject just for you Request Now A 24-year-old German outsider named Levi Strauss withdrew from New York withâ little flexibly of dryâ materials. He additionally had the expectation of openingâ an extensionâ of his brother’s New York business that he was bringing to San Francisco. Strauss would not like to be a miner, so he concluded he would bring in enough cash by offering supplies to the excavators. Initially, Strauss sold fabric, materials, and sewing supplies to the excavators, yet he didn’t procure a lot of benefit by doing that. At that point he heard the diggers griping about how effectively they tore their jeans, so Strauss chose to utilize a portion of his substantial canvas texture to make the excavators jeans to wear. The primary pants were made of a material called ‘duck’, however this texture was not especially agreeable. At that point Strauss made the pants utilizing texture called denim. Denim is an extreme, cotton texture which is made by going under at least two strings. This texture made pants significantly more well known for everybody to wear, not simply laborers. In 1873, Jacob Davis thought of him a letter saying that he could make solid pockets with metal bolts for the jeans. Be that as it may, Davis didn’t have enough cash to share his thought, so he offered to give his plan to Strauss if Strauss consented to pay his patent. Strauss concurred, and from that point on pants had metal bolt pockets. At that point the thought for pants was to color them with indigo, to make pants blue. From that point forward, pants were viewed as great. Pants changed the style of dressing later ever. After they were created, pants were ordinarily just utilized for security. Yet, not long after Strauss changed the texture to denim, they got settled and jazzy. American’s then idea of new thoughts for pants, and the styles changed to every single distinctive sort of pants like thin pants, straight leg, boot cut, and so on. They at first changed the method of dressing, and the future style of Americans. Levis got famous for ranchers and laborers, since they were intense, solid, sturdy jeans that everybody could depend on not tearing. They turned into the attire that changed America’s style of dressing as well, and the most famous sort of jeans. Pants are still to a great extent well known, and they will persistently be adjusted to fit the changing style of America. Step by step instructions to refer to The Invention of Blue Jeans, Essay models

Explaining Your Panic Disorder to Friends and Family

Explaining Your Panic Disorder to Friends and Family Panic Disorder Coping Print Explaining Your Panic Disorder to Friends and Family By Katharina Star, PhD facebook linkedin Katharina Star, PhD, is an expert on anxiety and panic disorder. Dr. Star is a professional counselor, and she is trained in creative art therapies and mindfulness. Learn about our editorial policy Katharina Star, PhD Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on August 05, 2016 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on May 31, 2019 Sam Edwards / Getty Images More in Panic Disorder Coping Symptoms Diagnosis Treatment Related Conditions In This Article Table of Contents Expand Introduce  Panic Disorder Describe Your Panic Attacks Share Your Fears Talk About Treatment View All Back To Top If you have been diagnosed with panic disorder, you may be all too familiar with the impact your condition can have on your relationships. It can be difficult for loved ones to understand your experience. For example, friends and family may not acknowledge that you have a real mental health disorder. Some loved ones may not realize how difficult it can be to deal with panic attacks. Others may have false assumptions about anxiety disorders in general. Considering the many misunderstandings and myths about panic disorder, it can be difficult for your family and friends to understand your condition. They may have many questions that are hard to answer. But telling others about your panic disorder does not always have to be such a challenge. Here you will find simple ways to answer common questions that your loved ones may have about panic disorder. Use these explanations to help you get the conversation going when discussing your condition with family and friends. Introduce  Panic Disorder Explain that panic disorder is a real and diagnosable type of mental health condition known as an anxiety disorder. The main symptom of panic disorder is panic attacks. Describe Your Panic Attacks Panic attacks involve many physical and emotional symptoms. Tell your loved ones how panic attacks feel. When I have a panic attack, I get chest pain, my heart races, I sweat a lot, and I feel afraid. Sometimes when I have a panic attack, I feel as though I am having a heart attack or dying. Please get emergency medical help if I ever ask for it because I would rather be safe than ignore a potentially serious issue. I have unexpected panic attacks, meaning that I can have a panic attack at any time without notice; there is not any type of situation that causes them. I have expected panic attacks whenever I ________ (drive, fly in an airplane, leave my home, or whatever type of situation often causes you to have a panic attack). When I have a panic attack, it may appear that I am overreacting, but I’m not. I would not choose to feel that way. Please do not try to force me into feared situations. Common Panic Disorder Symptoms Share Your Fears Surrounding Panic Attacks Explain that panic disorder is diagnosed as occurring with or without agoraphobia.  If you experience agoraphobia, describe what that means for you. I have panic disorder with agoraphobia. This means that I have fears of having panic attacks in certain situations. (Let them know what situations cause you the fear, such as driving or being in large crowds). How Agoraphobia Is Diagnosed and Treated Talk About Treatment Your loved ones may be unfamiliar with treatment options. Share with them what youve learned, and if youre comfortable, share the treatment plan youve decided upon for yourself. There are several treatment options for panic disorder. I have decided to ____________ (go to therapy, take medication, or both). I am getting professional help and over time I may be more comfortable in feared situations. Antidepressants can also be used to treat panic disorder. My doctor has prescribed ________ for me, which helps me manage my panic and anxiety symptoms. Sedatives can help reduce the severity of my anxiety and panic attacks. My doctor has prescribed _______, an anti-anxiety medication that I take for panic attacks. The Top Treatment Options for Panic Disorder Other Considerations If there is something you are uncertain about (or prefer not to talk about), it is okay to let a loved one know that you would rather not discuss it.Be careful about with whom you choose to discuss your condition; some people may not be as trustworthy and understanding as others.Be willing to share additional resources about panic disorder with your family and friends. Consider emailing or printing out articles that address their questions directly. Being prepared with answers to common questions can help you feel more confident when addressing your loved ones about your condition. Its also important to stay up-to-date and continue to learn more about panic disorder symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment options for yourself.

Ap Gov Unit 3 - 1006 Words

What important purposes are served by the right to amend the Constitution guaranteed by Article V? Evaluate James Madison’s claim in Federalist 43 that the Constitution â€Å"guards equally against the extreme facility which would render the Constitution too mutable, and that extreme difficulty which might perpetuate its discovered faults.† Some critics of the amending process contend that amendments, once proposed, should be submitted to popular vote, bypassing state legislatures. Do you agree or disagree? Why? P1. According to professor Douglas Linder, the delegates assembled in Philadelphia were under no illusions that the constitutional scheme they were struggling to establish was perfect for present circumstances, much less perfect†¦show more content†¦According to John Locke, the government derives its power from the people. Choosing to bypass state legislatures and resorting to state conventions forces people to participate in government and have a direct say in laws that affect them. The creation of the constitution is intended to uphold the concept behind limited government and promote civic virtue. P.7 With the end of the Civil War and the 14th Amendment’s creation of a national citizenship, the Court has found that most of the rights recognized in the Bill of Rights apply to state constitutions through the due process clause. Beginning in the 1920s and most recently in 2011 the Court has used this amendment to amend state constitutions through a process that Ma dison most likely could not have envisioned in 1787. P.8 Since 1789, members of Congress have proposed over 10,000 amendments. Only 33 have passed through Congress, and of those only 27 have been ratified by the states. Madison was right about the difficulty of the amendment process; what he could not have foreseen was the Court’s use of an amendment to expand the rights originally demanded to beShow MoreRelatedApproved EPR Bullets9088 Words   |  37 Pagesï » ¿PRIMARY/ADDITIONAL DUTIES - Deplyd as Unit Intel Liaison to Eskan Village, Saudi Arabia; performed AT/FP f/$1B in AF assets--zero loss - Prepd/conducted 20 jt Intel briefs w/OSI; 174 SF mbrs current on threat--1.2K mbrs/three commands secured - Provided background checks f/50+ personnel/125 hrs/coordd w/OSI--alleviated screening process deficiency - Sustainment firing program administrator; personally trnd/certd 50 SF Amn--maintained critical weapon certs - Deplyd to Thumrait AB, Oman; shielddRead MoreBank of Queensland Research Paper Banking Industry21330 Words   |  86 Pages........ .................. .................. ....................................................  3   1.  0  Profiling  the e  Corporate e  Structure     discussin ng  the  Agency  problem m  ..................................................  3   Overview  .................... 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FUNDAMENTALS OF DME-IS ............................................... 33 3.1 The Core Processes of DME-IS.................................. 33 3.2 Managing the Information Process ............................ 35 3.3 Depth of detail in DME-IS (keepRead MoreLibrary Management204752 Words   |  820 PagesLibrary and information center management / Robert D. Stueart and Barbara B. Moran. — 7th ed. p. cm. — (Library and information science text series) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978–1–59158–408–7 (alk. paper) ISBN 978à ¢â‚¬â€œ1–59158–406–3 (pbk. : alk. paper) 1. Library administration—United States. 2. Information services— United States—Management. I. Moran, Barbara B. II. Title. Z678.S799 2007 025.1—dc22 2007007922 British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data is available. CopyrightRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. 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Women on the Frontline - Persuasive Essay - 850 Words

All’s fair in work and war It’s an age old argument, men are all around better than women. For decades a women’s job was in the kitchen, cooking meals or taking care of the children although for most of us these views are now outdated. The army however seems to think they still apply. Looking back though history we read of Joan of Arc, the French freedom fighter and of the Sufferage movements and we see women throughout the ages were getting involved with fighting and politics of war. The argument over whether to allow women on the frontlines of warfare has been highly discussed over the past few years but still in today’s â€Å"equal society† women are not being given the same opportunities as men. Around the world, countries†¦show more content†¦However if we look at the number of women in prison for murder or any violent offence we soon see this is not the case. Women have the mental capacity to kill another and this line of denial that our military top dogs are taki ng is ridiculous. As their second line of defence they will resort to the argument that: women are not strong to serve on the frontline. This is an unfounded debate. It is correct in that some women do not show the physical prowess of their male colleagues. But then again, there are plenty that do. Also the military training would work the same for women as it does for men in the way that women who meet the standards required of them would be drafted in the others would be let go. This argument is reinforced by a statement from Australian Defence Minister â€Å"If an individual woman has got the physical, mental and psychological capacity to do a job, then if they can do the job on merit, pass the same standards that a man passes, qualify in the same way a man does, then she should not be excluded†. We also see that none of countries that have already allowed women to serve in there militaries, like Australia and the USA, have went back on their decision and withdrawn any rulings so something must be going right. The only debate, I find that has any basis to it is the possibility of sexual harassment towards female soldiers. However, isn’t what would happen within the army is justShow MoreRelatedOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 PagesHartman Strom, Political Woman: Florence Luscomb and the Legacy of Radical Reform Michael Adas, ed., Agricultural and Pastoral Societies in Ancient and Classical History Jack Metzgar, Striking Steel: Solidarity Remembered Janis Appier, Policing Women: The Sexual Politics of Law Enforcement and the LAPD Allen Hunter, ed., Rethinking the Cold War Eric Foner, ed., The New American History. Revised and Expanded Edition E SSAYS ON _ T WENTIETH- C ENTURY H ISTORY Edited by MichaelRead MoreRastafarian79520 Words   |  319 Pagesprimary data on the movement but to analyze and re-analyze the growing body of scholarly and popular literature on the movement, including sociological and anthropological studies, biographies, monographs, dissertations, published and unpublished essays, and periodical articles. Archival sources, such as newspaper reports, policy statements, pamphlets, and organization manuals have also provided useful information. Chapter 1 reviews and reï ¬ nes Webers theory of charisma and routinization, usingRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesOverview 23 †¢ Inputs 24 †¢ Processes 25 †¢ Outcomes 25 Summary and Implications for Managers 30 S A L Self-Assessment Library How Much Do I Know About Organizational Behavior? 4 Myth or Science? â€Å"Most Acts of Workplace Bullying Are Men Attacking Women† 12 An Ethical Choice Can You Learn from Failure? 24 glOBalization! Does National Culture Affect Organizational Practices? 30 Point/Counterpoint Lost in Translation? 31 Questions for Review 32 Experiential Exercise Workforce Diversity 32 Ethical DilemmaRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 Pagesthe behavioral principles upon which the management skills are based are applicable across cultures, genders, ethnic groups, and age cohorts, important nuances may be required of you as you practice among people characterized by these differences. Women may not behave the same as men. Japanese colleagues may not respond the same as German colleagues. Individuals in their sixties may not see the world the same as someone in their twenties. Stereotyping based on these categories, of course, is also

Accounting for Managers The Financial Statements

Question: Describe about the Accounting for Managers for The Financial Statements. Answer: 1: (a) Interpretation of the financial statements of JB Hi-Fi Limited for the period ending 30 June 2012: Ratios Formula 2012 2010 Gross profit margin Gross profit/revenue*100 21.09 21.75 Net profit Margin Net profit/Revenue*100 3.35 4.34 Return on assets Net profit/average total asset*100 13.26 17.27 Return on equity Net profit/shareholders equity*100 169.61 221.46 Earnings per share 105.93 109.7 Gross profit margin ration of JB Hi-Fi Limited over the year has not been changed much. It is maintained consistently at slightly more than 21%. Net profit margin of the company is decreased from 4.34% to 3.35% from the year 2010 to 2012. Return on asset decreased from 17.27% to 13.26% and return on equity decreased from 221.46% to 169.61%. Earnings per share also fell slightly from $109.7 to $105.93. Therefore, it can be analyzed from the ratios that the performance of the company is getting worse over the years. Company should curtail their expenses, wherever possible, so that their net profit can be increased and as a result, their return on asset as well as equity can be increased. (b) Evaluation of financial position of JB Hi-Fi Limited at 30 June 2012 Ratios Formula 2012 2011 2010 Current ratio Current assets/current liab 1.24 1.45 1.25 Quick ratio Quick aseets/current liab 0.22 0.25 0.32 Debt to asset ratio total debt/total asset 0.18 0.30 0.05 Interest coverage ratio EBIT/Interest exp 11.87 26.30 25.38 Cash balance at year end(Amount in $000) 39710.00 27246.00 51735.00 Current ratio of JB Hi-Fi Limited has increased from 1.25 to 1.45 from 2011 to 2012, but fell to 1.24 again on 2012. That means the current ratio of the company is fluctuating. Quick ratio of the company is in decreasing trend over the year. It indicates that the companys ability to meet quick expenses is getting worse. Debt to asset ratio has increased significantly from 2010 to 2011, from 0.05 to 0.30. It is indicating that company has borrowed significant amount over the year. However, the ratio decreased to 0.18 in 2012. It indicates that, company has paid off its loan to improve its debt position. Interest coverage ratio has increased slightly from 2010 to 2011. However, it dropped significantly in the year 2012. It means the companys ability to meet their interest expenses with their income are decreasing. (C )Analysis of cash flow statement: Cash flow from operating activities are in increasing trend except for the year 2011, in which the cash flow has fell from $152,103,000 to $109,945,000. Sale of the company has increased significantly from $29, 65,823 to $32,67,490 over the year 2010 to 2011. Cash flow from investing activities is in negative figures for all the four years. The reason behind this is the payment for plant, equipment and property is far more than the proceeds from sale of plant and equipment. Payment towards borrowing and dividend also making the condition worse for the company, as there is not enough income to cover up these expenses. Finally, the closing cash balance of the company is $35,790,000 for 2009, $51,735,000 for 2010, $27,246,000 for 2011 and $39,710,000 for 2012. From the overall performance of the company over the years from 2009 to 2012, it can be stated that, the overall performance for the year 2011 is worse. However, the company started working on this and improved their position to s ome extent in the year 2012. (d) Analysis of the performance of JB Hi-Fi as an investment from the shareholders perspective: (Amount in $000) Particulars 2012 2011 2010 2009 Total assets 811,149.00 767,139.00 714,322.00 661,651.00 Total owners equity 184,501.00 152,313.00 293,296.00 229,252.00 Cash balance at the year end 39,710.00 27,246.00 51,735.00 35,790.00 EBIT 162,027.00 164,849.00 176,558.00 143,529 Net profit after tax 104,641.00 109,695.00 118,652.00 94,438 Earnings per share 105.93 101.76 109.74 88.26 Dividends per share (cents) 29 33 29 16 Total asset of JB Hi-Fi Limited is in increasing trend, that is, the company is increasing their ability to pay off their liabilities out of the available asset. Total owners equity has decreased significantly from the year 2010 to 2011. However, it has been increased to some extent in the year 2012. Cash balance of the company also decreased drastically from $51,735 to $27,246 from 2010 to 2011. It indicates that the liquid cash of the company is expensed towards paying of its liabilities. Net profit after tax has increased from 2009 to 2010. However, after 2010, their net profit is in decreasing trend, which indicates that companys profit is not increasing as compared to their expenses. Except for the year 2009, earning per share and dividend per share is in consistent basis. Therefore, from the investment perspective of shareholders, JB Hi-Fi is quite good option to invest, as the company is improving their financial position and paying their shareholders on consistent basis. 2. Introduction: Gold and Costa are two aspiring entrepreneurs who wants to establish as fruit Juice and vegetable juice provider in eastern coast area during the hot summer. They have plenty of opportunities in this business. All the drink they will made from fresh fruits and vegetables. They want to set a price for their products, which will be, cover the cost of ingredients and make sufficient profit as they want to sell their business after 3 years as a profitable business. As an Accounting manager, they can be advised to follow these objectives: Break-Even sales: The Break-even point for sales is calculated by dividing fixed expenses of a company with the contribution, where contribution is sales minus variable expenses. Here, fixed expenses means fixed expenses plus fixed cost. For example, if Gold and Costa has fixed expenses of $50,000 per year and its variable expenses is 80% of sales, and then they have a contribution margin of 20%. In other words, after deducting the variable expenses from sales revenue, only 20% remains to go towards profit and fixed expenses (Angin 2014). Fixed expenses of $50000 divided by the contribution margin ratio of 20% equals to $250,000, that is, if the company has sales of $250,000, it will be the break-even point. The breakeven point is the point where sales revenue will be equal to all expenses of the company (Smolka, Verheul and Burmeister-Lamp 2014). How to determine sales for target profits: If a specific goal is set for net income and analyzing of contribution margin can help to determine required sales. This goal set for net income is known as target profit. For example, say Gold and Costa is planning to earn a profit of $40,000 and required to pay $20,000 in fixed asset, the total contribution needed to create to earn a target profit of $40,000 will be as follows: Net income = Contribution Fixed cost $40,000 = Contribution - $20,000 Contribution = $60,000 Therefore, Contribution of $60,000 will give the required profit of $40,000. Now if the company has variable expenses of $80,000, then the required sales will be $140,000 (Choi 2016). Different types of costs and their implications: Direct Cost: Direct cost is related to production of production of goods and services. It includes material, overhead and labour expenses related to production of any product. For example - the wages paid to a works depends on the hours he worked for (Fang et al.2012). Indirect cost: Indirect cost is not related to production of goods and services. Moreover, they cannot be marked out easily in department, product, project or activity. For example, cost of power used in the production or in factory (Besharov and Smith 2014). Fixed cost: Fixed cost does not change with the quantity of goods or services company produces. For example, monthly payment for lease of a machine does not change with the production quantity; it is a fixed cost (del Ro and Cerd 2014). Variable cost: Variable cost is the cost that has direct relationship with the production quantity. It includes cost such as material, overhead and labour cost. Variable cist expenses changes with the changes if production quantity. For example, if the requirement of material for producing one unit is $10, then to produce 10 unit, the material requirement will also be increased to 10*$10 = $100 (Drummond et al. 2015). Importance of budgeting: Budget is a summary of expenses and incomes items for a particular period. Budget is the most efficient and the basic means to control the expenses and incomes. Most of the companies, who avoid preparing budget, do so to avoid extra work. Budgeting also helps to determine the possible area where cost is to be curtailed. The main objective of budgeting is to determine the allocation of money, based on the financial limitations. It will save Gold and Costa from overspending and taking too much loan from outside. Although budgeting involves more work, it pays off with many advantages (Savic, Vasiljevic and Popovic 2016). Some of the advantages are as follows: Helps to control money: The main objective of budget is to be calculated on the expenses and find out the way to save money. Budgeting helps to save the company from sudden expenses and lack of funds just because the company did not planned for that expense (Lobato et al. 2014). Helps to focus on money goal: unnecessary spending on services and products, which do not contribute to meet the financial goal are avoided. Moreover, the budgeting helps to meet the targets for them who are working with limited resources (Rakos and Man 2016) Makes the company aware about spending of money: If Gold and Costa prepares their budget, they will have clear view where their money is going and the source, they are earning the money. Budgeting will save them from sudden big expenses.A budget will also enable them to determine what they can afford, take opportunities of investing and buying and investing options, and plan the way to decrease their debt. It will also tell them what is important to the based on how they allocate funds, how their money is operating for them and how far they are towards achieving their financial goals (Vaznonien? and Ston?iuvien? 2012) Helps to organize savings and spending: By dividing their money into savings and expenditures category, a budget will make Gold and Costa aware about what type of expenses takes which part of their money. Therefore, it will be easy for them to make modifications. Budget also provides a reference for organizing receipts, bills and financial statements. When all the financial dealings are organized for tax purpose or questions of creditors, effort and time will be saved. Helps to decide about the requirement of money in advance Helps to plan and save money to meet unexpected and expected costs Helps to detect potential problems: Gold and Costa prepares their budget and take a wide picture view, then, they can see potential fund problems in advance, and will be able to make alteration before the problem arises. Helps to determine the ability of raising debt: It can be inferred that debt is not a good thing, it is necessary to raise funds through debt, if a company can afford it. Budgeting shows how much a debt load can be taken realistically without being worried or if taking the debt worth it. Enables to save extra money: Through budgeting, Gold and Costa will be able to eliminate and identify unnecessary spending in penalties, late fees and interest (Rossi 2015). Information need to be collected to start new business: Gold and Costa wants to start the business of fruit and vegetable juice. Before starting the business, they required to collect a variety of information, which are as follows: They should prepare a report about marketing methodology, collect information related to business plan, collect data from the questionnaire prepared by Gold and Costa, to verify the market demands. After the analysis of questionnaire, they should decide about the location, source of finance, distribution channel and promotion of product. Gold and Costa should make a research about children and diabetic people, so that any modification can be made in the juice, for them. Information related to pricing policy in the market should be collected. It will enable them to set their pricing policy at a reasonable level. As juice is a perishable product, they should collect information regarding the proper distribution channel. Requirement of types of analysis: Gold and Costa should make a proper analysis before starting their business. Among various analyses, most important analysis is as follows: Analysis of industry: There are already various established juice companies. Gold and Costa should produce something which will be different from other juice companies in any aspect. If there is nothing different from other juice companies, the customer will not get attracted and will not shift their choice (Henttu-Aho and Jrvinen 2013). Analysis of competitors: There are many well known companies dealing with juice products, in food and beverage market. Competitors should be carefully analysed before Gold and Costa step in the juice market. Analysis of market segmentation: Generally, markets are segmented based on their demographic area, types of customers, income, sex, age and occupation of people. Business strategies: Objectives: Gold and Costa should have their main objectives as: To become the new best juice provider in the juice industry Satisfy the customers through improving the quality of product To earn profit from the first year of function To generate innovative, unique and healthy products that will help them to compete with competitors (Wang, Madhok and Xiao 2014). Key factors to success: Some of the key factors to succeed are: Design of store should be attractive and efficient for operation Marketing strategies should be planned to create loyal consumers Increase customer satisfaction level through high quality products They must create a innovative, unique and upscale environment to satisfy customers Provide training to employees to assure the better technique of production. They should commit to customers that excellent quality juices will be provided every time Customers should be convinced that, Gold and Costa are providing best quality juices with great atmosphere and services (Elepu, Nabisubi and Sserunkuuma 2016). Mission and Vision: Gold and Costas mission should be to provide fruit juice and vegetable juice in a fresh and healthy. They should also provide an uncompromising promise to create a difference through their values. They should explore all over the industry of fresh juices and assure them to provide with exceptional quality (Nwadiuto Igwe 2014). Marketing plan: Gold and Costas marketing plan should cover the following objectives: Maximum profit margin: The price of the product should be fixed in such way that it should enable to cover the cost of ingredients and generate sufficient profit Quality leadership: The main aim of Gold and Costa should be to provide best quality products to their customers. Their product must cover the requirements and need of their customers (Roman and Zgiep 2013). Strong relations with consumers: They should provide better quality value to their customers. It will help them to create loyal customers for their company Communication objective: Gold and Costa should communicate with the new customers about the quality and freshness of their juice. They should also explain about the good taste and energy that one can get by drinking their juice (Wan 2015). Pricing Strategy: Price should be set on value pricing method. Gold and Costa should provide quality products from which their customers can be benefitted in health aspect. Pricing policy should cover the cost of ingredients and generate profit. As Gold and Costa has a plan to sell their juice business after three years as a profitable business, they should be able to generate high profit margin during these three years (Bergs, Hassan and Monier?Dilhan 2013). For example, pricing structure may be like this: Name of produce Raw material cost Cost of production Cost of marketing Profit Price/Unit Selling price to retailer Orange juice (500 ml) 18 4 2 4 28 34 Orange juice (1 lt) 27 8 4 8 47 55 Mango juice (500 ml) 15 4 4 7 30 35 Mango juice (1lt) 28 7 6 9 40 46 Carrot juice (500 ml) 10 2 2 5 19 25 Carrot juice (1lt) 18 4 4 10 36 42 Table 1: Table for price structure (Source: Created by Author) Strategies for promotions: Gold and Costa can use different sources to communicate with their customer. Various promotional medium can be newspaper, local cable, Billboards and pamphlets to inform their target customers. As their prime target customers are children and health conscious people, they can be informed through television, Radio and social media. Vehicle writing method can also be used by them (Taleizadeh ,Noori-daryan and Crdenas-Barrn 2015) Reference: Angin, D., 2014. Utilization of activated carbon produced from fruit juice industry solid waste for the adsorption of Yellow 18 from aqueous solutions.Bioresource technology,168, pp.259-266. Bergs, F., Hassan, D. and Monier?Dilhan, S., 2013. Are consumers more loyal to national brands than to private labels?.Bulletin of Economic research,65(s1), pp.s1-s16. Besharov, M.L. and Smith, W.K., 2014. Multiple institutional logics in organizations: Explaining their varied nature and implications.Academy of Management Review,39(3), pp.364-381. Choi, T.M., 2016. Multi-period risk minimization purchasing models for fashion products with interest rate, budget, and profit target considerations.Annals of Operations Research,237(1-2), pp.77-98. del Ro, P. and Cerd, E., 2014. The policy implications of the different interpretations of the cost-effectiveness of renewable electricity support.Energy Policy,64, pp.364-372. Drummond, M.F., Sculpher, M.J., Claxton, K., Stoddart, G.L. and Torrance, G.W., 2015.Methods for the economic evaluation of health care programmes. Oxford university press Elepu, G., Nabisubi, J. and Sserunkuuma, D., 2016. Segmentation of Processed Fruit Juice Consumers in Urban Uganda.Business Management and Strategy,7(1), pp.80-95. Fang, X., Brown, D.S., Florence, C.S. and Mercy, J.A., 2012. The economic burden of child maltreatment in the United States and implications for prevention.Child abuse neglect,36(2), pp.156-165. Henttu-Aho, T. and Jrvinen, J., 2013. A field study of the emerging practice of beyond budgeting in industrial companies: an institutional perspective.European Accounting Review,22(4), pp.765-785. Lobato, J., Canizares, P., Rodrigo, M.A., Horcajada, L., Fernandez, F.J., Gonzalez del Campo, A. and Trapero, J.R., 2014. Economic assessment of microbial fuel cells for wastewater treatment and energy production. A juice industry case study.Afinidad,71(567), pp.192-201. Nwadiuto Igwe, K., 2014. Open Access Repositories in Academic and Research Institutions for the Realization of Nigeria's Vision 20: 2020.International Journal of Information Science Management,12(1). Rakos, I.S. and Man, M., 2016. Cost BudgetingA Relevant Instrument for Improving the Performances of a Coal Mine Case Study: Jiului Valley, Romania. Roman, M. and Zgiep, L., 2013. Promotion as part of the marketing mix and its application in enterprise activities.Zeszyty Naukowe Szko?y G?wnej Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie. Polityki Europejskie, Finanse i Marketing, (09 [58]). Rossi, M., 2015. The use of capital budgeting techniques: an outlook from Italy.International Journal of Management Practice,8(1), pp.43-56.. Savic, B., Vasiljevic, Z. and Popovic, N., 2016. THE ROLE AND IMPORTANCE OF STRATEGIC BUDGETING FOR COMPETITIVENESS OF THE AGRIBUSINESS SUPPLY CHAIN 1.Ekonomika Poljoprivrede,63(1), p.295. Smolka, K.M., Verheul, I. and Burmeister-Lamp, K., 2014. WHO IS FASTER? THE ROLE OF START-UP STRATEGIES IN DETERMINING TIME TO FIRST SALE AND BREAK-EVEN POINT (INTERACTIVE PAPER).Frontiers of Entrepreneurship Research,34(11), p.22. Taleizadeh, A.A., Noori-daryan, M. and Crdenas-Barrn, L.E., 2015. Joint optimization of price, replenishment frequency, replenishment cycle and production rate in vendor managed inventory system with deteriorating items.International Journal of Production Economics,159, pp.285-295. Vaznonien?, M. and Ston?iuvien?, N., 2012. The formation of company budgeting system: Importance, problems and solutions.Management theory and studies for rural business and infrastructure development,30(1). Wan, S., 2015. Chinese Herbal tea brand positioning Strategy: Case study: WONG LO KAT Herbal Tea. Wang, L., Madhok, A. and Xiao Li, S., 2014. Agglomeration and clustering over the industry life cycle: toward a dynamic model of geographic concentration.Strategic management journal,35(7), pp.995-1012.

Epicurus’ Letter to Menoeceus Essay Example

Epicurus’ Letter to Menoeceus Essay 1. What does Epicurus means by saying that pleasure is our ‘primary native good? When Epicurus writes that pleasure is our â€Å"primary native good†, he is implying that what is pleasurable is also ultimately a good thing. Epicurus is referring to pleasure as a state of well-being and not as a temporary state of excitement and sensual stimulus. In other words, to dwell in a tranquil state of mind that is devoid of pain and fear. Epicurus uses our choice/aversion mechanism to illustrate his doctrine. When an Epicurean chooses a particular course of action over other alternatives, the chosen action is almost always a pleasurable one; not because it gives us immediate happiness but creates conditions for lasting peace and inner harmony. Hence, the pleasure offered by the choice is not inherent in the action per se, but in the overall scheme of things and in the sense of emotional and physical well-being in the broad sense of the word. Epicurus also believed that it is intrinsic in us to live a good life – one that is just, balanced and tranquil. This striving to achieve the good life is the prime mover behind human actions and the guiding factor in this pursuit is the pleasure factor. We will write a custom essay sample on Epicurus’ Letter to Menoeceus specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Epicurus’ Letter to Menoeceus specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Epicurus’ Letter to Menoeceus specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer 2. Does Epicurus think that it is good for us to seek every pleasure? What reasons does he give for his view? Epicurus does not think that every pleasure is good for us. In his letter to Menoeceus, he qualifies the following apparently pleasurable experiences as not true pleasure: frivolous merriment, bodily titillation or reveling in good food. These pleasures are enjoyable while they last, but in terms of their effect over a longitudinal analysis, they do more harm than good. Epicurus gives the example of barley bread and water. This apparently modest food offering has in it the potential to not only relieve a person from hunger but also give him/her satisfaction. To experience this pleasure the individual will have to condition himself/herself first and this is done by not indulging in excessive feasting and wining. When someone is pampered with sensual excesses, they will lose the capacity to experience more modest pleasures. But it is the modest pleasures that we are to avail in the long term and hence it is prudent to condition ourselves to experience this. And the best way of conditioning ourselves is through moderating our sensual experiences. Epicurus also refers to other similar examples such as unscrupulous debauchery in the form of indiscriminate sexual intercourse, numerous drinking parties and consuming exotic cuisine; all of which will ultimately lead to painful situations in the future in the form of deprivation, longing and boredom. Hence, it is important to properly understand what Epicurus means by ‘pleasure’ and an Epicurean will not seek every kind of pleasure. 3. Does Epicurus think it is possible to lead a virtuous but unpleasant life? Epicurus’ doctrine does not differentiate between that which is virtuous and that which is a path to pleasure. Conversely, any action of ours that is based on a striving for pleasure is undeniably virtuous. According to Epicurus, â€Å"It is impossible to live the pleasant life without also living sensibly, nobly and justly and conversely it is impossible to live sensibly, nobly and justly without living pleasantly†. Hence the author is equating those cherished virtues of sensibility, nobility and justice to the concept of pleasure. This assertion can be extended to mean that only that which is sensible which brings greater pleasure; only that which is just which is informed by a sense of pleasure; only that is noble which is based on our primary instinctive good. To support this doctrine, Epicurus poses to the reader a few rhetoric questions of the order â€Å"Can you think of anyone more moral than the person who has devout beliefs about the gods, who is consist ently without fears about death, and who has pondered man’s natural end?†, etc. 4. Do you agree with him? The central doctrines of the Epicurean system of philosophy are grounded on human universalities and observations of common human behavior that it is difficult to disagree with any of them. We are likely to benefit if we were to embrace the Epicurean doctrines as guidelines for conducting our own lives. In some ways, the Epicurean thought has semblances to Indian philosophy and Asceticism. But Asceticism talks nothing of pleasure and in that it is markedly distinct from Epicureanism which can be applied in the context of everyday life. On the other extreme, it is a mistake to equate Epicureanism to Hedonism, for the latter is prone to lead to pleasures based on mental perversions. Hence, it is my personal conviction that an Epicurean way of life, having based its doctrines on principles of prudence and moderation, will be a virtuous life.